• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
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    • 专利摘要:
    outlet assembly and flow restrictor according to one configuration, an outlet assembly (200) comprises: a first fluid inlet (201); a first fluid outlet (210); and at least one fluid director (221), where the fluid enters the outlet assembly (200) in one direction, in the other direction, or in combinations thereof, and where at least one fluid director (221) induces the flow of the fluid rotationally to the assembly (200) when the fluid enters one direction and prevents the flow of the fluid rotationally to the assembly (200) when the fluid enters the other direction. in another configuration, the outlet assembly (22) includes two or more fluid inlets (201, 202). according to another configuration, the flow restrictor (25) comprises: a fluid switch (300); and the outlet assembly (200). according to another configuration, the flow restrictor (25) is for use in an underground formation.
    公开号:BR112013015850B1
    申请号:R112013015850-6
    申请日:2011-11-29
    公开日:2020-06-16
    发明作者:Jason D. Dykstra；Michael L. Fripp
    申请人:Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    “OUTPUT AND FLOW RESTRICTOR SET”
    Technical Field
    [0001] An outlet assembly includes at least one fluid director that induces fluid flow rotationally to the assembly when the fluid enters in one direction and prevents fluid flow rotationally to the assembly when the fluid enters the other direction. In another configuration, the outlet assembly has a plurality of fluid inlets. According to another configuration, the output set is used in a flow restrictor. In another configuration, the flow restrictor is used in an underground formation.
    summary
    [0002] According to one configuration, an outlet assembly comprises: a first fluid inlet; a first fluid outlet; and at least one fluid director, in which the fluid enters the outlet assembly in one direction, in the other direction, or in combinations, and in which at least one fluid director induces fluid flow rotationally to the assembly when the fluid enters in one direction and prevents the flow of the fluid rotationally to the assembly when the fluid enters the other direction.
    [0003] According to another configuration, a flow restrictor comprises: a fluid switch; an outlet assembly comprising: 1 a first fluid inlet; 2 a first fluid outlet; and 3 at least one fluid director, in which the fluid switch causes the fluid to enter the outlet assembly in one direction, in the other direction, or in combinations thereof, and in which at least one fluid director induces the flow of rotationally fluid to the set
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    2/27 when the fluid enters in one direction and prevents the flow of the fluid rotationally to the assembly when the fluid enters the other direction.
    Brief Description of the Figures
    [0004] The characteristics and advantages of certain configurations will be more readily appreciated when the accompanying figures are considered together. Figures should not be construed as limiting in any of the preferred configurations.
    [0005] Figure 1 is a flow restrictor according to a configuration comprising the outlet assembly;
    [0006] Figure 2 is a flow restrictor according to another configuration comprising the outlet assembly;
    [0007] Figures 3A - 3C show the outlet set according to a configuration and the flow of a fluid to the outlet set;
    [0008] Figures 4A - 4C show the outlet assembly according to another configuration and the flow of a fluid to the outlet assembly;
    [0009] Figures 5A - 5C show the outlet assembly for use in the flow restrictor illustrated in Figure 2 and the flow of a fluid to the outlet assembly;
    [0010] Figure 6 illustrates the shape of the fluid drivers and the flow drivers according to a configuration;
    [0011] Figure 7 illustrates a format of the flow drivers and flow drivers according to another configuration;
    [0012] Figure 8 is a graph of pressure versus the flow of a fluid in an outlet assembly when the fluid enters the
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    3/27 set in two different directions;
    [0013] Figure 9 is a well system containing at least one of the flow restrictors shown in Figures 1 or 2;
    Detailed Description
    [0014] As used herein, the words comprise, have, include, and all their grammatical variations are intended to have an open and non-limiting meaning that do not exclude other elements or steps.
    [0015] It should be understood that, as used herein, first, second, third, etc., are arbitrarily indicated and are intended only to differentiate between two or more passages, entries, etc., as may be the case, and not indicates any given sequence or orientation. Furthermore, it must be understood that the simple use of the term first does not require that there be any second, and the simple use of the term second does not require that there is any third, etc.
    [0016] As used herein, a fluid is a substrate having a continuous phase that tends to flow and conform to the shape of its container when the substance is tested at a temperature of 22 ° C (71 ° F) and a pressure of an atm atmosphere (0.1 megapascals MPa). A fluid can be a liquid or a gas. A homogeneous fluid has only one phase, whereas a heterogeneous fluid has more than one distinct phase. A colloid is an example of a heterogeneous fluid. A colloid can be: a sludge, which includes a continuous liquid phase and undissolved particles of solids such as the dispersed phase; an emulsion, which includes a continuous liquid phase and at least one dispersed phase of immiscible liquid droplets; a foam, which includes a continuous liquid phase and a
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    4/27 gas as a dispersed phase; or a mist, which includes a continuous phase of gas and liquid droplets like the dispersed phase. As used herein, viscosity is the dissipative behavior of the fluid flow and includes, among others, kinematic viscosity, shear strength, flow resistance, surface tension, viscoplasticity, and thixotropicity.
    [0017] Oil and gas hydrocarbons occur naturally in some underground formations. The underground formation containing oil and gas is sometimes called a reservoir. A reservoir can be located underground or away from the coast. Reservoirs are typically located in the range of a few hundred feet (shallow reservoirs) to a few tens of thousands of feet (ultra-deep reservoirs). To produce oil or gas, a well is drilled in a reservoir or adjacent to a reservoir.
    [0018] A well may include, among others, an oil, gas, water or injection well. A well used for the production of oil or gas is generally called a production well. Fluids are usually injected into a production well as part of the construction process or as part of the stimulation process. As used herein, a well includes at least one well bore. A well hole can include vertical, inclined and horizontal parts, which can be straight, curved, or branched. As used herein, the term borehole includes any involved part, and any uninvolved open hole part of the borehole. A region close to a well hole is the underground material and rocks of the underground formation that surround the well hole. As used herein, a well also includes the region close to a
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    5/27 well hole. The region close to a well hole is generally considered to be the region within about 100 feet of the well hole. As used herein, “in a well” means and is included in any part of the well, including in the well hole or in the region close to a well hole by the well hole. [0019] A part of a well hole can be an open hole or a coated hole. In a part of an open-bore hole, a pipe column can be placed in the borehole. The pipe column allows fluid to be introduced or flowed from a remote part of the well bore. In a part of a borehole with a coated bore, a wrap is placed in the borehole that may also contain a pipe column. A well hole can contain an annular space. Examples of an annular space include, but are not limited to: the space between the borehole and the outside of the pipe column in an open borehole bore; the space between the well hole and the outer side of the casing in a coated hole well hole; and the space between the inside of a wrap and the outside of the pipe column in a coated borehole hole.
    [0020] A well bore can extend for several hundred feet or several thousand feet in an underground formation. Underground formation can have different zones. For example, one zone may have greater permeability when compared to another zone. Permeability refers to how easily fluids can flow through a material. For example, if the permeability is high, then fluids will flow more easily and quickly through the underground formation. If the permeability is low, then fluids will flow less easily more slowly in the underground formation. An example of a zone
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    6/27 highly permeable in an underground formation is a crack or fracture.
    [0021] During production operations, it is common to produce unwanted fluids together with a desired fluid. For example, water production is when water (the unwanted fluid) is produced together with the oil or gas (the desired fluid). As another example, gas can be the unwanted fluid, while oil is the desired fluid. In yet another example, gas can be the desired fluid as long as water and oil are the unwanted fluids. It is beneficial to produce as little of the unwanted fluid as possible.
    [0022] During improved recovery operations, an injection well can be used for flooding water. Water flooding is where water is injected into the reservoir to displace the oil or gas that was not produced during the primary recovery operations. The water from the injection well physically drags some oil or gas remaining in the reservoir into the production well. Improved recovery operations can also inject steam, carbon dioxide, acids or other fluids.
    [0023] In addition to the problem of producing unwanted fluids during recovery operations, the flow of a fluid from an underground formation to a well bore may be greater in one zone when compared to another zone. The difference in flows between zones in the underground formation may be undesirable. For an injection well, potential problems associated with improved recovery techniques may include inefficient recovery due to the variable permeability in the underground formation and a difference in the flow rates of a fluid from the injection well in the underground formation. A restrictor of
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    7/27 flow rate can be used to help overcome some of these problems.
    [0024] A flow restrictor can be used to restrict the flow of a fluid in a variable way. A flow restrictor can also be used to apply a relatively constant flow of fluid to a given zone. A flow restrictor can also be used to apply a relatively constant flow of fluid between two or more zones. For example, a restrictor can be positioned in a well bore at a location in a given zone to regulate the flow of the fluid in that zone. More than one restrictor can be used for a given zone. Also, a restrictor can be placed in a well hole in one location for one zone and another restrictor can be positioned in the well hole in a location in a different zone to regulate the flow of fluid between two or more zones.
    [0025] A new outlet assembly comprises at least one fluid director that: induces the flow of a fluid rotationally to the assembly when the fluid enters a first direction; and prevents the flow of the fluid rotationally into the assembly when the fluid enters a second direction. According to a configuration, the output set is used in a flow restrictor.
    [0026] Output set 200 does not need to be used in a flow restrictor. A flow restrictor is only one of the possible devices where the outlet assembly can be used. Output set applications are not limited to oil field applications, but also to pipeline lines, chemical industries, oil refineries, food processing and automobiles.
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    8/27
    [0027] According to one configuration, an outlet assembly comprises: a first fluid inlet; a first fluid outlet; and at least one fluid driver. According to another configuration, the outlet assembly further comprises a second fluid inlet.
    [0028] The fluid can be a homogeneous fluid or a heterogeneous fluid.
    [0029] Returning to the Figures, Figure 1 is a diagram of a flow restrictor 25 according to a configuration. Figure 2 is a diagram of a flow restrictor 25 according to another configuration. The flow restrictor 25 may include a first fluid passage 101, a fluid switch 300, and an outlet assembly 200. The outlet assembly 200 will be described in more detail below. As shown in Figure 1, flow restrictor 25 may further include a second fluid passage 102 and a third fluid passage 103. Flow restrictor 25 may also include a branch point 110 where the first fluid passage 101 may branch in the second and third fluid passages 102 and 103 at branch point 110. Although the Figures show the second and third fluid passages 102 and 103 connected to a first fluid pass 101, it should be understood that the second and third passages Fluids can be connected to other passages. The second and third fluid passages 102 and 103 can branch so that they are oriented substantially parallel to each other before connecting to outlet assembly 200. Thus, the second and third fluid passages 102 and 103 can branch in a way that orient themselves to make the fluid rotate in the annular space region (not indicated) in rotational directions
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    Opposite 9/27. Any of the fluid passages can have any shape including, tubular, rectangular, pyramidal, or circular. Despite being illustrated as a single passage, the first fluid passage 101 (and any other passage) could indicate multiple passages connected operatively in parallel.
    [0030] As can be seen in Figure 1, the first fluid passage 101 can branch into the second and third fluid passages 102 and 103 at the branch point 110. The first fluid passage 101 can branch into the second and third fluid passages. 102 and 103 so that the second fluid passage 102 branches at an angle of 180 ° with respect to the first fluid passage 101. As another example, the second fluid passage 102 can branch at several different angles of 180 ° (for example, example, at a 45 ° angle) with respect to the first fluid passage 101. The third fluid passage 103 can also branch at various angles with respect to the first fluid passage 101. Preferably, if the second fluid passage 102 branches in an angle of 180 ° with respect to a first fluid passage 101, then the third fluid passage 103 branches off at an angle other than 180 ° with respect to a first fluid passage 101. In a Preferred configuration, the second and third fluid passages 102 and 103, are oriented so that they connect to the outlet assembly 200 tangentially to the outer wall of the outlet assembly 200.
    [0031] Flow restrictor 25 includes a fluid switch 300. Fluid can enter the flow restrictor and travel the first fluid passage 101 in the direction of
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    10/27 fluid switch 300. According to one configuration, and as shown in Figure 1, fluid switch 300 can direct fluid to at least a second fluid passage 102, a third fluid passage 103, and combinations thereof . According to another configuration, the fluid changer 300 directs most of the fluid to the second or third fluid pass 102 or 103. According to yet another configuration, and as shown in Figure 2, the fluid changer 300 can direct the fluid to outlet assembly 200 in the direction of d1, d2, and their combinations. The fluid switch 300 may be any type of switch that is capable of directing a fluid from one fluid passage to two or more different fluid passages or directing the fluid to outlet assembly 200 in two or more different directions. Examples of suitable switches for fluids include, but are not limited to, a pressure switch, a mechanical switch, an electromechanical switch, a momentum switch, a fluid switch, a bistable amplifier, and a proportional amplifier.
    [0032] The fluid changer 300 can direct a fluid to two or more different fluid passages or two or more different directions. In certain configurations, the fluid switch 300 directs the fluid based on at least one of the fluid's physical properties. In other configurations, the fluid switch 300 directs the fluid based on a signal from an external source. For example, an operator can have the fluid switch 300 direct the fluid. At least one of the fluid's physical properties may include, but is not limited to, the flow rate of a fluid in a first fluid passage 101, the viscosity of the fluid, and the density
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    11/27 of the fluid. As an example, the fluid switch 300 can direct an increasing amount of fluid to a second fluid passage 102 when the flow rate of fluid in the first fluid passage 101 increases and can direct an increasing amount of fluid to a third fluid passage 103 when the flow rate of the fluid in the first fluid passage 101 decreases. As another example, the fluid switch 300 can direct an increasing amount of fluid to a second fluid passage 102 when the fluid viscosity decreases and can direct an increasing amount of fluid to a third fluid passage 103 when the fluid viscosity increases . As another example, the fluid switch 300 can direct an increasing amount of fluid to outlet assembly 200 in the direction of d1 when the flow rate of fluid in the first fluid passage 101 increases and can direct an increasing amount of fluid to the set of fluid output 200 in the direction of d2 when the flow rate of the fluid in the first fluid passage 101 decreases.
    [0033] Figure 3A shows the output set 200 according to a configuration. Figure 4A shows output set 200 according to another configuration. Figure 5A shows output set 200 according to another configuration. The outlet assembly 200 may include a first fluid inlet 201, a second fluid inlet 202, a first fluid outlet 210, and at least one fluid driver 221. The outlet assembly 200 may include only one fluid inlet and it can also include more than two fluid inlets. The outlet assembly 200 may also include more than one fluid outlet 210. According to another configuration, the
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    12/27 outlet set includes at least two flow drivers 221.
    [0034] When the fluid is directed to a second fluid passage 102, the fluid can enter the outlet assembly 200 through the first fluid inlet 201. When the fluid is directed to the third fluid passage 103, the fluid can enter the outlet assembly 200 through the second fluid inlet 202. Preferably, the fluid enters outlet assembly 200 tangentially with respect to the radius of the first fluid outlet 210. According to one configuration, when fluid enters outlet assembly 200 for the first fluid inlet 201, fluid flows into outlet assembly 200 in one direction and when fluid enters outlet assembly 200 through second fluid inlet 202, fluid flows into outlet assembly 200 in the other direction. As an example, and as shown in Figures 3A and 4A, when the fluid enters the first fluid inlet 201, the fluid flows into the outlet assembly 200 in the direction of d1 and when the fluid enters the second fluid inlet 202, the fluid flows in output set 200 in the direction of d2. As another example, as shown in Figure 5A, fluid can enter outlet assembly 200 through the first fluid inlet 201 and can flow into outlet assembly 200 in the direction of d1 and / or in the direction of d2. According to this configuration, one direction is d1 and the other direction is d2.
    [0035] As shown in the Figures, outlet assembly 25 may include at least one fluid driver 221 in which there is an outer region between the inner wall of outlet assembly 200 and a limit of fluid driver 221. According to another configuration, at least one limitation of fluid driver 221 has contact with the inner wall
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    13/27 of the output set 200 so that there is no external region. Preferably, there is an internal region between at least one of the limitations of the fluid driver 221 and the first fluid outlet 210.
    [0036] The fluid driver (s) 221 can (s) rotate a fluid flow rotationally to an internal region of outlet assembly 200. The fluid driver (s) ) 221 can also prevent the flow of a fluid rotationally to the inner region of the assembly 200. According to one configuration, the fluid driver (s) 221 induces the flow of a fluid rotationally to assembly 200 when fluid enters the first fluid inlet 201 or in the direction of d1; and prevents the flow of the fluid rotationally to the assembly 200 when the fluid enters the second fluid inlet 202 or in the direction of d2. According to another configuration, the size and shape of the fluid driver (s) 221 are selected so that fluid driver (s) 221 rotates a fluid flow rotationally to assembly 200 when the fluid enters through the first fluid inlet 201 or in the direction of d1; and prevents the flow of the fluid rotationally to the assembly 200 when the fluid enters the second fluid inlet 202 or in the direction of d2.
    [0037] A preferred way of fluid director 221 to induce and prevent the flow of a fluid rotationally to outlet assembly 200 is shown in Figures 3A, 4A and 5A. There may be more than one fluid driver 221. If at least two flow drivers 221 are used, the flow drivers do not have to be the same size or shape. Preferably, and as shown in the Figures
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    3A, 4A, 5A, 6 and 7, the outlet assembly may include at least two flow drivers 221 having substantially the same size and shape. The shape of the fluid driver 221 can be any shape that induces and prevents the rotational flow of a fluid. It should be understood that the formats described herein, and shown in the drawings are not the only formats that are capable of obtaining the desired result of inducing and preventing the rotational flow of a fluid. In addition, multiple formats can be used within a given outlet assembly 200. Fluid driver 221 can include at least two limits. Fluid driver 221 may also include at least three limitations. Preferably, at least one of the limitations induces the flow of a fluid rotationally to the outlet assembly 200. More preferably, two of the limits induce the rotational flow of the fluid. For example, when the limits are straight, a first limit can be oriented at an angle of less than 90 ° with respect to a second limit. When at least one of the limitations is curved, then the first limit can be oriented at an angle less than 90 ° with respect to the second limit, where the angle is measured at a distance of less than an inch from where the first limit is connects to the second limit. This example is shown in Figures 3A and 4A, where angle 1 (Θ1) is less than 90 °. Preferably, the first limit is oriented at an angle (Θ1) between 5 ° and 45 ° with respect to the second limit. At least one of the limitations for the induction of rotational flow can be aligned tangentially with respect to the radii (r1 and r2) of the first fluid outlet 210. The limits of fluid director 221 can be joined in several ways. For example, borders can include corners
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    15/27 straight or round corners.
    [0038] Preferably, another one of the limitations prevents the flow of a fluid rotationally in the outlet assembly 200. For example, when the limits are straight, then a third limit can be oriented at an angle between 60 ° and 90 ° with respect to to the first limit. The third limit can also be oriented at an angle between 60 ° and 90 ° with respect to the second limit. Preferably, the third limit is oriented at an angle of 90 ° with respect to the first and second limits. When at least one of the limitations is curved, then the third limit can be oriented at an angle between 60 ° and 90 ° with respect to the first limit and the second limit, where the angle is measured at a distance of less than an inch from where the third boundary connects to the first and second boundaries. This configuration is shown in Figures 3A and 4A, where angle 2 (Θ2) and angle 3 (Θ3) are individually 90 °. The limit to prevent the rotational flow of the fluid can be aligned, or parallel to a radius (r1) of the first fluid outlet 210, shown as l1, and can also be aligned to the tangent of the first fluid outlet 210, and can also be straight as shown in Figures 3A and 4A, it can also be curved, and it can also have any other configuration that serves to prevent the rotational flow of the fluid to the assembly 200.
    [0039] If the outlet assembly includes more than one fluid driver 221, then preferably, at least one limitation that induces the rotational flow of a fluid from a first fluid driver 221 is opposed to at least one limitation that prevents rotational flow of the fluid from a second fluid driver 221. Likewise, at least
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    16/27 a limitation that prevents the rotational flow of fluid from the first fluid director 221 opposes at least one limitation that induces the rotational flow of fluid from the second fluid director 221. As shown in Figure 6, each of the limits that prevents the rotational flow of the fluid opposes at least one other limit that induces the rotational flow of the fluid.
    [0040] Preferably, there is at least one opening between a first and second fluid driver 221. More preferably, there are at least two openings between a first and a second fluid driver 221. In another configuration, there are more than two openings between more two flow drivers 221. Either opening can be oriented in various positions with respect to the first fluid inlet 201 or with respect to the first and second fluid inlets 201 and 202. Figures 3A and 4A show two different examples of possible positions of openings with respect to the first and second fluid inlets 201 and 202. As can be seen in Figures 3A and 4A, opening 1 (O1) is positioned farther from the second fluid inlet 202 when compared to opening 3 (O3), while opening 2 (O2) is positioned closer to the first fluid inlet 201 when compared to opening 4 (O4). Each of the two openings (whether openings 1 and 2 or openings 3 and 4) can be oriented in varying degrees, closer or further from the first and second fluid inlets 201 and 202. The two openings can be aligned substantially opposite each other. The two openings can also be aligned in several other orientations. Preferably, the two openings can also be aligned so that they are at least
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    17/27 partially displaced.
    [0041] Output set 200 may further include at least one flow driver 231. There may be more than one flow driver 231. Although not shown, there may be multiple flow drivers 231 arranged in more than one circular pattern between the fluid director 221 and first fluid outlet 210. According to one configuration, flow driver (s) 231 helps maintain a rotational flow of a fluid in the inner region of outlet assembly 200 and helps maintain a non-flow rotational flow of a fluid in the inner region of outlet assembly 200. According to another configuration, flow driver (s) 231 has the shape selected so that flow driver 231 helps maintain a rotational flow of a fluid in the region internal and helps maintain a non-rotational flow of a fluid in the internal region. The shape of the flow driver (s) 231 can be substantially the same shape as the fluid driver 221, or the shape can be different from that of the fluid driver 221. Figures 3A, 4A, and 5A show the flow driver 231 having a different shape of fluid driver 221. Figure 6 shows a flow driver 231 having substantially the same shape as fluid driver 221. Figure 7 shows the shape of a flow driver 231 according to another configuration.
    [0042] Figures 3B, 4B, and 5B illustrate certain fluid flow configurations in the outlet assembly 200 when at least some fluid enters the assembly 200 in the direction of d1. As discussed above, the fluid can be directed to a second fluid passage 102 through the fluid switch 300 and enters outlet assembly 200 through the first fluid inlet.
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    18/27 fluids 201 and flows in the direction of di. As also discussed above, fluid can enter outlet assembly 200 through first fluid inlet 201 and flow in the direction of di. According to one configuration, as the fluid flows increasingly in the direction of di, the fluid flows increasingly rotationally in the outlet assembly 200. In this way, the fluid flows to the assembly 200 in one direction (shown as di) and at least some fluid may have contact with at least one limitation of fluid driver 221 that induces fluid flow rotationally to assembly 200. If there is more than one fluid driver 221, then some fluid may flow around a first driver of fluids 221 in the outer region and at least some of that fluid may have contact with the limit of a second fluid driver 221 that induces the flow of the fluid rotationally to the set 200. The fluid that has contact with the limit (s) ) that induces the rotational flow, can enter the space between the limit (s) and the first fluid outlet 210. The fluid can also flow rotationally at the first fluid outlet 210 in an internal region. Although not required, outlet assembly 200 may also include at least one flow driver 231. Flow driver 231 can be positioned in an internal region. Thus, the fluid entering the internal region, may have contact with at least one limitation of the flow driver 231. The flow driver 231 can help maintain the flow of the fluid rotationally at the first fluid outlet 210. The fluid driver 221 and flow driver 231 can increase the rotational flow of the fluid in the outlet assembly 200 and / or the first fluid outlet 210.
    [0043] According to a configuration, how the fluid flows
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    19/27 increasing rotationally in outlet assembly 200, increases the resistance to fluid flow in assembly 200. According to another configuration, as the fluid flows increasingly rotationally at the first outlet of fluids 210, increases resistance to flow of fluid through outlet 210.
    [0044] Figures 3C, 4C, and 5C illustrate certain fluid flow configurations in outlet assembly 200 when at least some fluid enters assembly 200 in the direction of d2. As discussed above, the fluid can be directed to a third fluid passage 103 through the fluid switch 300, enter outlet assembly 200 through the second fluid inlet 201, and flow in the direction of d2. As also discussed above, fluid can enter outlet assembly 200 through first fluid inlet 201 and flow in the direction of d2. According to one configuration, as the fluid flows in an increasing direction in the direction of d2, the fluid flows in a decreasing manner rotationally in the outlet assembly 200. In this way, the fluid flows into the assembly 200 in another direction (shown as d2) and at least some fluid can have contact with at least one limitation of fluid driver 221 that prevents fluid flow rotationally to assembly 200. If there is more than one fluid driver 221, then some fluid can flow around a first driver of fluids 221 in an external region, and at least some of that fluid may have contact with another limit of a second fluid director 221 which prevents the flow of the fluid rotationally to the assembly 200. The fluid that has contact with the limit (s) (s) that prevents the rotational flow, can enter the inner region between the limit (s) and the first fluid outlet 210. In a preferred configuration, the fluid flows downwards
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    20/27 rotationally through the first fluid outlet 210 in an internal region. It is preferred that the fluid enters the inner region substantially radially with respect to the first fluid outlet 210. The outlet assembly 200 may also include at least one flow driver 231. Flow driver 231 can be positioned in the inner region. In this way, the fluid entering the space can have contact with at least one limitation of flow driver 231. Flow driver 231 can help maintain a non-rotational fluid flow at the first fluid outlet 210. The fluid driver 221 and flow driver 231 can reduce the rotational flow of the fluid in the outlet assembly 200 and / or the first fluid outlet 210.
    [0045] According to a configuration, as the fluid flows decreasingly rotationally in the outlet assembly 200, the resistance to the flow of the fluid through the assembly 200 is reduced. According to another configuration, as the fluid flows downwards rotationally at the first fluid outlet 210, the resistance to fluid flow through outlet 210 is reduced. In this way, a fluid entering the outlet assembly 200 in the direction of d2 (compared to a fluid entering the direction of d1) may experience: a reduction in the rotational flow to the assembly; less flow resistance for the assembly; and less change in the flow rate of the fluid leaving the first fluid outlet 210 compared to the flow rate of the fluid entering the flow restrictor 25.
    [0046] Figure 8 is a graph of pressure versus flow of a fluid through outlet assembly 200. The two lines show the difference in resistance of a fluid to flow in the outlet assembly when the fluid enters the assembly in two directions
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    21/27 different. The solid line represents a fluid entering the outlet assembly 200 in the direction of d1 and the dashed line represents a fluid entering the outlet assembly 200 in the direction of d2. As can be seen in Figure 8, the resistance to the flow of a fluid entering the direction of d1 is greater than the resistance to the flow of a fluid entering the direction of d2. [0047] The components of the output set 200 can be made of various materials. Examples of suitable materials include, but are not limited to: metals, such as steel, aluminum, titanium, and nickel; alloys; plastics; compounds, such as reinforced phenolic fiber; ceramics, such as tungsten carbide, boron carbide, synthetic diamond or alumina; elastomers; and dissolvable materials.
    [0048] The flow restrictor 25 can be used anywhere where the restriction or variable regulation of the flow of a fluid is desired. According to one configuration, flow restrictor 25 is used in an underground formation. According to another configuration, the underground formation is penetrated by at least one borehole. The underground formation can be a part of a reservoir or adjacent to a reservoir. Figure 9 is a well 10 system that can incorporate certain configurations. As shown in Figure 9, a well bore 12 has a generally uninvolved vertical section 14 that extends downwardly from the casing 16, as well as a generally uninvolved horizontal section 18 that extends through an underground formation 20.
    [0049] The pipe column 22 (like a production pipe column) is installed in the well hole 12. Interconnected with the pipe column 22 there are multiple well filters 24, flow restrictors 25, and seals 26.
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    22/27
    [0050] The seals 26 seal an annular space 28 formed radially between the pipe column 22 and the well hole section 18. Thus, a fluid 30 can be produced in multiple zones of the formation 20 via isolated parts of the annular space 28 between adjacent pairs of seals 26.
    [0051] Positioned between each adjacent pair of seals 26, a well filter 24 and a flow restrictor 25 are interconnected in the pipe column 22. The well filter 24 filters the fluid 30 that flows into the pipe column 22 from the annular space 28. The flow restrictor 25 regulates the flow of the fluid 30 in the pipe column 22, based on certain characteristics of the fluid, for example, the flow of the fluid entering the flow restrictor 25, the viscosity of the fluid, or the density of the fluid. In another configuration, the well system 10 is an injection well and the flow restrictor 25 regulates the flow of fluid 30 out of the pipe column 22 and into the formation 20.
    [0052] It should be noted that the well system 10 is illustrated in the drawings, being described herein as just an example of the wide variety of well systems in which the principles of this disclosure can be used. It must be clearly understood that the principles of this disclosure are not limited to any of the details of the well system 10, or its components, shown in the drawings or described herein. In addition, well system 10 may include other components not shown in the drawing. For example, cement can be used instead of sealants 26 to isolate the different zones. Cement can also be used with sealants 26.
    [0053] As another example, well hole 12 may include
    Petition 870190117151, of 11/13/2019, p. 37/56
    23/27 only a generally vertical well hole section 14 or it may include only a generally horizontal well hole section 18. Fluid 30 can be produced from formation 20, the fluid could also be injected into the formation, and the fluid could be either injected or produced in the formation. The system can be used during any stage of the life of a well including, among others, drilling, evaluation, stimulation, injection, completion, production, and decommissioning of a well.
    [0054] The well system does not need to include a seal 26. Also, it is not necessary for a well filter 24 and a flow restrictor 25 to be positioned between each adjacent pair of seal 26. It is also not necessary that a single restrictor flow rate is used in conjunction with a 24 well filter. Any number, assembly and / or combination of these components can be used. In addition, it is not necessary for any flow restrictor 25 to be used in conjunction with a well filter 24. For example, in injection wells, the injected fluid may flow through a flow restrictor 25, without also flowing through the flow filter. well 24. Can be multiple flow restrictors 25 connected in series or in parallel with the fluid.
    [0055] It is not necessary for the well filters 24, flow restrictors 25, seals 26 or any other components of the pipe column 22 to be positioned in uninvolved sections 14, 18 of the well hole 12. Any section of the hole well 12 can be wrapped or not wrapped, and any part of the pipe column 22 can be positioned in an uninvolved or wrapped section of the well bore, maintaining the principles of this disclosure.
    Petition 870190117151, of 11/13/2019, p. 38/56
    24/27
    [0056] It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that it would be beneficial to be able to regulate the flow of fluid 30 entering the pipe column 22 from each zone of formation 20, for example, to prevent water from entering 32 or gas from entering 34 in training. Other uses for regulating flow in a well include, but are not limited to, balancing the production of (or injection into) multiple zones, minimizing the production or injection of unwanted fluids, maximizing the production or injection of desired fluids, etc. .
    [0057] With reference now to Figures 1 and 4, the flow restrictor 25 can be positioned in the pipe column 22 so that the fluid 30 enters the flow restrictor 25 and travels through the first fluid passage 101. For example, in a production well, restrictor 25 can be positioned so that the opening for the first fluid passage 101 is functionally oriented in the direction of formation 20. Therefore, as fluid 30 flows from formation 20 to the pipe column 22, fluid 30 will enter the first fluid passage 101. As another example, in an injection well, restrictor 25 can be positioned so that flow restrictor 25 is functionally oriented towards the pipe column 22. Therefore, as fluid 30 flows from pipe column 22 to formation 20, fluid 30 will enter the first fluid passage 101.
    [0058] An advantage for when the flow restrictor 25 is used in an underground formation 20, is that it can help to regulate the flow of a fluid within a certain zone and also regulate the flow rates of a fluid between two or more zones. Another advantage is that the flow restrictor 25 can help to solve the problem of the production of a heterogeneous fluid.
    Petition 870190117151, of 11/13/2019, p. 39/56
    25/27
    For example, if the oil is the fluid you want to produce, the outlet assembly 200 can be designed in such a way that if water enters the flow restrictor 25 together with the oil, then the outlet assembly 200 can reduce the flow of the fluid leaving the first fluid outlet 210 based on the reduction of fluid viscosity. The versatility of the output set 200 allows specific problems to be solved in a formation.
    [0059] Resistance to flow through flow restrictor 25 can be dimensioned to alternately increase or decrease, causing the alternating increase in back pressure to be increased or reduced in response. This back pressure can be useful, since in the well system 10 it results in pressure pulses being propagated from the flow restrictor 25 upstream in the annular space 28 and the formation 20 surrounding the tubular sequence 22 and the well hole section 18 .
    [0060] Pressure pulses transmitted in formation 20 can help the production of formation fluids 30, because pressure pulses help to break the "skin effects" that surround the well bore 12, and increase the mobility of fluids in the formation. By making it easier for fluids 30 to flow from formation 20 to well bore 12, fluids can be produced more readily (for example, the same fluid production rate will require less pressure differential FDA formation for the well bore, or more fluids can be produced at the same pressure differential, etc.).
    [0061] The alternation that increases and reduces resistance to flow by flow restrictor 25 can also cause pressure pulses to be transmitted downstream of the first fluid outlet 210. These pressure pulses downstream of the
    Petition 870190117151, of 11/13/2019, p. 40/56
    26/27 first fluid outlet 210 may be useful, for example, in circumstances where flow restrictor 25 is used to inject fluid 30 into the formation.
    [0062] In these situations, the injected fluid would flow through the flow restrictor 25 from the opening for the first fluid passage 101 to the first fluid outlet 210, and then to the formation. The pressure pulses would be transmitted from output 210 to the formation when the fluid 30 flows through the flow restrictor 25 and to the formation. Like production operations, pressure pulses transmitted to the formation are useful in injection operations, because they increase the mobility of the fluids injected by the formation.
    [0063] Other uses are possible for pressure pulses generated by flow restrictor 25, maintaining the principles of this disclosure. In another example, pressure pulses are used in a gravel seal operation to reduce voids and increase gravel consolidation in a gravel seal.
    [0064] Therefore, the present invention is well adapted to obtain the purposes and advantages mentioned, as well as those that are inherent to it. The particular configurations disclosed above are only illustrative, since the present invention can be modified and practiced in different, but equivalent, apparent ways to those skilled in the art who have the benefit of the teachings of the present. In addition, there are no limitations on the details of construction or the design shown here, other than those described in the claims below. Therefore, it is evident that the particular and illustrative configurations revealed above can be altered or modified, and all these variations
    Petition 870190117151, of 11/13/2019, p. 41/56
    27/27 are considered to be within the scope and spirit of the present invention. Although the compositions and methods are described in terms of comprising, containing, or including, various components or steps, the compositions and methods can also essentially consist of or consist of the various components and steps. Whenever a numerical range with a lower limit and an upper limit is revealed, any number and any included range that is in the range is specifically revealed. In particular, all ranges of values (of the form, from about a to b, or, equivalently, from approximately a to b) disclosed herein should be understood as showing all numbers and ranges incorporated in the broadest range of values. Also, the terms in the claims have their simple ordinary meanings, unless explicitly and clearly defined by the patent. In addition, the indefinite articles one or one, as used in the claims, are defined herein to mean one or more than one of the elements they introduce. If there is any conflict in the uses of a word or term in this specification and in one or more patents (s) or other documents that may be incorporated herein by reference, definitions that are consistent with this specification should be adopted.
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [1]
    1. Output set, characterized by the fact that it comprises: - a first fluid inlet (201);
    - a first fluid outlet (210); and
    - a first fluid driver (221) and a second fluid driver (221), where the fluid enters the outlet assembly (200) in one direction, in the other direction, or combinations thereof, and where the first and second fluid drivers fluid (221) induces fluid flow rotationally over the assembly when the fluid enters one direction and prevents fluid flow rotationally to the assembly (200) when the fluid enters the other direction, with the first and second fluid drivers (221) include at least three limitations, where at least one of the limitations induces the flow of a fluid rotationally to the assembly (200), where another of the limitations prevents the flow of a fluid rotationally to the assembly (200), and being that the at least one limitation that induces the rotational flow of a fluid from the first fluid driver (221) opposite another of one of the limitations that prevents the rotational flow of fluid from the second fluid driver (221) and the other from u In addition to the limitations that prevent the rotational flow of fluid from the first fluid driver (221) as opposed to at least one limitation that induces the rotational flow of fluid from the second fluid driver (221).
    [2]
    2. Assembly according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that there is at least one opening between the first and the second fluid drivers (221).
    [3]
    3. Assembly according to either of claims 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that it also comprises at least
    Petition 870190117151, of 11/13/2019, p. 43/56
    2/3 a flow driver (231), where the flow driver (231) helps maintain a rotational flow of a fluid to the assembly (200) and where the flow driver (231) helps maintain a non-rotational flow of a fluid for the assembly (200).
    [4]
    4. Assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that the flow driver (231) is selected in a way that the flow driver (231) helps to maintain a rotational flow of a fluid to the assembly (200 ) and helps maintain a non-rotational flow of a fluid to the assembly (200).
    [5]
    5. Assembly according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the shape of the flow driver (231) is the same shape as the fluid driver (221).
    [6]
    6. Assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, based on at least one of the properties of the fluid, the fluid flows increasingly in one direction.
    [7]
    7. Assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that as the fluid flows increasingly in one direction, the fluid flows increasingly rotationally to the assembly (200).
    [8]
    8. Assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that as the fluid flows increasingly rotationally to the assembly (200), the resistance to fluid flow increases through the assembly (200).
    [9]
    9. Assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that based on at least one of the properties of the fluid, the fluid flows increasingly in the other direction.
    Petition 870190117151, of 11/13/2019, p. 44/56
    3/3
    [10]
    10. Assembly according to claim 9, characterized by the fact that as the fluid flows in an increasing way in the other direction, the fluid flows in a decreasing manner rotationally towards the set (200).
    [11]
    11. Assembly according to claim 10, characterized by the fact that as the fluid flows in a decreasing manner rotationally to the assembly (200), the resistance to the flow of the fluid is reduced through the assembly (200).
    [12]
    12. Assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that it also comprises a second fluid inlet (202).
    [13]
    13. Assembly according to claim 12, characterized in that the fluid entering the assembly (200) through the first fluid inlet (201) is entering in one direction and the fluid entering the assembly (200) through the second inlet fluids (202) are entering the other direction.
    [14]
    14. Flow restrictor, characterized by the fact that it comprises an outlet assembly (200), as defined in any one of claims 1 to 13.
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    BR112013015850A2|2016-09-13|
    CN103380263A|2013-10-30|
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    EP2655791A2|2013-10-30|
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    MX2013007352A|2014-03-12|
    CA2821912A1|2012-06-28|
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    SG191122A1|2013-07-31|
    CA2821912C|2016-04-19|
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    法律状态:
    2018-12-18| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2019-08-20| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2020-04-07| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2020-06-16| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 29/11/2011, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
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    US12/974,212|2010-12-21|
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